Jurnal Kesehatan

The Effect of Personal Hypertension Management Program (HMP) Education on Self-Efficacy in Hypertension Management in Outpatients at the Hospital 'Aisyiyah Pariaman Year 2024

Alpices — 2025-11-30

This study aims to determine the effect of personal hypertension management program education on self-efficacy in hypertension management. This research is a quasy experiment design with a non-equivalent control group design. The number of samples in this study was 30 respondents who were divided into two groups, namely 15 intervention group respondents and 15 control group respondents. Sample grouping in this study was carried out randomly for the experimental group and the control groupThe intervention group is respondents who are given personal hypertension management program education and the control group is respondents who are not given personal hypertension management program education. The data analysis used was the T-test (Independent Sample T-Test). Personal education was conducted for 3 weeks by providing hypertension management program personal education one session per week, for 15-20 minutes. The study found that most respondents (60%) had poor self-efficacy in the intervention group respondents before being given personal education based on a hypertension management program and most respondents (93.3%) had efficacy after being given personal education based on a hypertension management program. From the bivariate analysis results, there is a mean change in self-efficacy in intervention group respondents with the control group, where the mean difference value is 3.067. The T-test value is 2.579 with a p-value = 0.015 where the p-value ≤ 0.05, which means that there is an effect of personal education based on HMP on self-efficacy in respondents after being given personal education interventions based on a hypertension management program. The provision of personal education interventions based on a hypertension management program shows the results of the average change in the self-efficacy of respondents in the intervention group before and after being given personal education based on a hypertension management program and there is no average change in the self-efficacy of respondents in the control group who are not given personal education based on a hypertension management program

The Effectiveness of the Supplementary Feeding Program (PMT) in Improving the Nutritional Status of Undernourished Toddlers

Andi Maryam — 2025-11-30

Undernutrition remains a public health issue requiring urgent attention. This condition has long-term impacts on toddlers' growth, development, and immune function. Therefore, appropriate nutritional interventions are essential to prevent stunting and other health complications in toddlers. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of Supplementary Feeding Program (PMT) in improving the nutritional status of undernourished toddlers in the working area of Waindu Community Health Center, Yapen Islands Regency. This study employed a quasi-experimental design with a pre-test and post-test approach. The sample comprised 30 toddlers aged 12-59 months classified as undernourished. Univariate analysis revealed an increase in the mean weight-for-age Z-score from -2.5 at baseline intervention to -1.7 post-intervention. Furthermore, Pearson correlation analysis demonstrated p<0.001 and r=0.993, indicating a strong positive relationship between pre- and post-intervention Z-scores. In conclusion, the Supplementary Feeding Program (PMT) significantly improved the nutritional status of undernourished toddlers in the working area of the Waindu Community Health Center, Yapen Islands Regency.

PERSPECTIVE OF HEALTH WORKERS IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF COMMUNITY HEALTH CENTER MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM IN BUKITTINGGI CITY

Anisa Utami — 2025-11-30

Community health centers are the primary healthcare facilities in Indonesia, but many of the services provided are still of poor quality. Service quality can be described by patient waiting times and unintegrated patient data. This is due to inadequate infrastructure to support services. Therefore, the government has issued a policy for community health centers to use a community health center management information system. The purpose of this study is to determine the perspectives of health workers in implementing a community health center management information system. The method used is descriptive qualitative with a centralized interview approach. The participants of this study were 14 health workers taken by purposive sampling. The location of this study was three community health centers in Bukittinggi City, namely the Nilam Sari Community Health Center, the Guguk Panjang Community Health Center, and the Tigo Baleh Community Health Center. This research instrument used an interview sheet and data were collected through semi-structured interviews with data analysis techniques through the use of thematic content analysis. The results of this study are described in two themes: the first theme of the information system facilitating work and improving the quality of services in community health centers and the second theme of obstacles to using the community health center information system consisting of infrastructure constraints such as network and application errors. Thus, it was concluded that the implementation of the community health center information system supported services at the community health center, but there were several obstacles during use, such as network and application errors. Therefore, the researchers hope that this research will be continued with the design of an adequate community health center management information system application by integrating other applications.

The Association of Stimulation and Food Intake with Motor Development among Toddlers in Puskesmas Belimbing

Azrimaidaliza Azrimaidaliza — 2025-11-30

Background: Children's brain development up to 3 years old reaches 80%. At this age, delays in motor development can be detected so that further intervention can be carried out.

Objectives: To determine the factors which have an association with motor development among toddlers.

Methods: A cross-sectional research design was undertaken in which the sample was a 78 of mothers of toddlers 6-36 months in Puskesmas Belimbing. The sample was chosen by proportional random sampling technique. Data analysis was carried out in the form of univariate, bivariate and multivariate with the IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows Software.

Results: This research found the majority of toddlers' fine motor (80.8%) and gross motor development (84.6%) were in the normal category. The bivariate analysis results indicated an association between iron intake and the fine motor (p value=0.008) and gross motor development (p value =0.045). There was an association between stimulation and fine motor (p value =0.001) and gross motor development (p value =0.009), as well as nutritional status according to weight-for-height which had an association with the fine motor (p value =0.034) and gross motor development (p value =0.047). Meanwhile, nutritional status according to height-for-age had only an association with fine motor development (p value =0.016). The factor most related to fine and gross motor development was stimulation (p value = 0.006; OR=6.559; 95%CI=1.704-25.249 and p value=0.007; OR=6.333; 95%CI=1.671-23.999).

Conclusion: It was discovered that the factor most related to fine and gross motor development in toddlers aged 6-36 months was stimulation provided by parents.

Effectiveness of Emotion Regulation Therapy on the Resilience of Caregivers of Schizophrenia Patients in Aceh: A Quasy-Experimental Study

Hayyuni Khalida — 2025-12-03

Schizophrenia is a chronic mental disorder that requires long-term care, which puts caregivers at risk of emotional burdens that can decrease their level of resilience. Families, as caregivers, play an important role in patient care and need to possess strong emotional endurance. Emotion Regulation Therapy is an intervention aimed at improving individuals’ ability to manage emotions adaptively to enhance resilience. This study aims to determine the effect of emotion regulation therapy on increasing the resilience of caregivers who care for patients with schizophrenia in Aceh. The study used a quasi-experimental design with a one-group pre-post-test approach. The sample consisted of 33 caregivers selected through purposive sampling and was given emotion regulation therapy over seven sessions. The instruments used in this study were a demographic data sheet to obtain respondent characteristics and the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) questionnaire to measure resilience levels. The Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test results showed a significant effect of emotion regulation therapy on increasing caregiver resilience, with a Z value = -5.205 and p < 0.001. The results indicated that before the intervention, the majority of respondents (51.5%) were in the low resilience category. After the intervention, there was a significant increase, with 84.8% of respondents categorized as having high resilience. Additionally, the average resilience score increased from 49.00 to 73.15. Based on these findings, emotion regulation therapy has been shown to be effective in increasing the resilience of caregivers caring for patients with schizophrenia. These results indicate that this intervention can be used as a relevant strategy to help caregivers deal with long-term emotional stress.

ANALYSIS OF HEAVY METAL LEVELS OF CADMIUM (Cd) IN REFILLED DRINKING WATER AT DRINKING WATER DEPOT IN KOTA ANDIR DISTRICT, BANDUNG CITY

Suci Rizki Nurul Aeni — 2025-12-03

Background: Many people use Refillable Drinking Water Depots (DAMs) as drinking water, although their quality is still questionable, especially related to their heavy metal content. Objectives: To determine the cadmium (Cd) level of refillable water at the Drinking Water Depot (DAM) in Andir District, Bandung City. Methods: The method in This study uses a descriptive method with a cross-sectional design. The cadmium (Cd) content in refillable drinking water (DAM) samples was analyzed using atomic absorption spectrophotometry (SSA). Results: The measurement results showed that the level of cadmium (Cd) in refillable drinking water (DAM) ranged from -0.0055 to -0.0030 mg/L. Based on the data, it was known that all samples met the quality standard for the requirements for cadmium heavy metal (Cd) content in Permenkes No.2 of 2023 concerning the Quality Standard for refillable drinking water of 0.003 mg/L. Conclusion: Based on this study, of the 10 Drinking Water Depots (DAMs) studied, all of them meet the requirements for metal content in accordance with SNI 01- 3553-2006 and Government Regulation Number 2 of 2023. Therefore, the cadmium (Cd) level of refillable drinking water in Andir District, Bandung City, can be considered to meet the standards and is suitable for consumption.

FOOD WASTE REDUCTION STRATEGIES IN HOSPITALS

Afrizal — 2025-11-30

Food waste in hospitals is a serious problem that impacts healthcare efficiency, environmental sustainability, and patient well-being. Food waste in hospitals mainly comes from plate waste, which is caused by factors such as food quality, patient diet, and suboptimal food distribution systems. This study aims to assess effective strategies in reducing food waste in hospitals through a systematic review of 12 relevant studies. The method used a systematic literature review with the PRISMA approach, identifying key themes that included determinants of food waste, intervention strategies, and implementation challenges. The results showed that a Life Cycle Assessment-based approach, improved menu design, staff education, and implementation of waste monitoring system were effective in reducing food waste. However, the main challenge lies in the low institutional awareness and lack of binding regulations. Therefore, supportive policies and cross-sector collaboration are needed to create more efficient and sustainable food waste management system in hospitals.

RISK FACTORS FOR CERVICAL CANCER IN WOMEN UNDER 40 AT RSUP ADAM MALIK

Evy Misrawaty Purba — 2025-11-30

Cervical cancer is the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths in Indonesia, with 36,000 new cases per year and more than 20,000 deaths. At RSUP H. Adam Malik Medan, the numbers were 594 cases in 2022 and 508 cases in 2023, with a significant proportion of cases in women under 40 years old, specifically 84 cases (2022) and 83 cases (2023). Cervical cancer has several risk factors. This study aims to analyze the risk factors for cervical cancer occurrence in women under 40 years of age. This study employs an analytical observational design with a cross-sectional approach. The population consists of patients diagnosed with cervical cancer at RSUP H. Adam Malik Medan in 2024. The sample was selected using the purposive sampling method, adhering to the specified inclusion criteria. Data were collected through medical records and analyzed using Chi-square tests and logistic regression. There is a significant relationship between age of sexual/marital activity (aOR=6.583; p=0.001) and the number of sexual partners (OR=3.988; p=0.009) in the incidence of cervical cancer in women under 40 years old. Meanwhile, there is no relationship between the number of labor, the use of oral contraceptives, smoking behavior, history of STIs, and immune disorders (HIV) in the incidence of cervical cancer in women under 40 years old. Sexual activity/marriage age and the number of sexual partners are related to the incidence of cervical cancer in women under 40 years old. The age of sexual activity/marriage is a dominant factor influencing this.

Determinant Factors of Adolescents’ Knowledge about Sexual Harassment in Educational Settings

Jum Natosba — 2025-11-30

The phenomenon of sexual harassment is increasing and has become a serious issue in Indonesia. In daily life, many people experience this form of violence without being able to do much to avoid it and are forced to let it happen. Sexual harassment also frequently occurs in schools and on university campuses. Although students’ knowledge about sexual harassment is relatively good, it still needs to be improved. The majority of respondents have experienced at least one form of sexual harassment, including unwanted sexual attention and gender-based violence, committed by both known and unknown individuals. This study aims to explore adolescents’ knowledge of sexual harassment within educational settings. The variables explored and analyzed in this study include socio-demographic factors such as gender and age; knowledge of sexual harassment, measured using the Sexual Harassment Definition Questionnaire; experiences of sexual harassment, assessed using the Sexual Experiences Questionnaire (SEQ); and attitudes toward gender roles, measured using the Sexual Harassment Attitude Scale. Univariate, bivariate, and multivariate analyses were conducted to provide descriptive insights into the distribution of the variables examined. Most respondents had good knowledge of sexual harassment in educational environments, were under 19 years old, female, lived with their parents, and had never received information about sexual harassment within educational settings. The most dominant variable associated with knowledge of sexual harassment was age, with an OR of 2.575 (95% CI OR: 1.875–3.536), indicating that adolescents over the age of 19 were 2.575 times more likely to have lower levels of knowledge compared to those under 19 years old. When violence frequently occurs in an environment and is often witnessed, it gradually becomes normalized. Therefore, support from various stakeholders is needed to enhance adolescents’ knowledge of sexual harassment in educational settings, beginning as early as possible.

ANALYSIS OF DOMINANT RISK FACTORS FOR TYPHOID FEVER IN THE 5-19 AGE GROUP IN THE WORKING AREA OF THE PUSKESMAS BUNYU ISLAND

Aisyah Amatullah — 2025-11-30

Typhoid fever remains a persistent public health concern in Indonesia, particularly in areas with limited access to clean water and sanitation. Bunyu Island in North Kalimantan is one of the endemic regions where typhoid fever consistently ranks among the top three reported infectious diseases. Children and adolescents aged 5–19 years are the most vulnerable group due to their higher level of outdoor activities, poor hygiene practices, and frequent exposure to unsafe food and beverages. This study aimed to analyze the dominant risk factors associated with typhoid fever incidence among individuals aged 5–19 years in the working area of Puskesmas Pulau Bunyu.

This research employed a case control design with 120 respondents, consisting of 24 cases (diagnosed with typhoid fever within the last six months) and 96 controls (without typhoid fever during the same period). Data were collected through face-to-face interviews using validated structured questionnaires. The variables examined included demographic factors (age, gender, education, occupation, income), behavioral factors (handwashing with soap practices, snacking habits), environmental factors (availability of clean water facilities, provision of waste disposal facilities), and parental knowledge regarding typhoid fever. Data were analyzed using chi-square tests for bivariate analysis and multiple logistic regression for multivariate analysis.

Bivariate analysis revealed significant associations with typhoid fever incidence for male gender (p=0.001; OR=6.059), poor handwashing with soap practices (p=0.002; OR=5.909), inadequate waste disposal facilities (p=0.025; OR=3.258), risky snacking habits (p=0.039; OR=3.128), and low parental knowledge (p=0.042; OR=2.931). Multivariate logistic regression identified four dominant risk factors: male gender (OR=5.863; 95% CI=1.828–18.801), poor

handwashing with soap practices (OR=4.506; 95% CI=1.298–15.644), risky snacking habits (OR=4.181; 95% CI=1.305–13.395), and inadequate waste disposal facilities (OR=4.028; 95% CI=1.312–12.363). Together, these variables explained 38.3% of the variation in typhoid fever incidence.

In conclusion, male gender, poor handwashing with soap practices, risky snacking habits, and inadequate waste disposal facilities are the primary determinants of typhoid fever incidence among children and adolescents aged 5–19 years in the Puskesmas Pulau Bunyu area. Strengthening health promotion, improving handwashing with soap practices, reducing unsafe snacking behaviors, and enhancing environmental sanitation particularly in waste management are essential strategies to reduce the burden of typhoid fever in high-risk populations.